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How Singapore's Security Industry is Evolving
Singapore's security industry is undergoing a significant transformation, driven by technological advancements and changing societal needs. The evolving landscape has prompted security companies in Singapore to adapt their strategies and services to meet new challenges. This shift has an impact on various aspects of the industry, from the way security officers perform their duties to how security agencies operate and interact with clients.
The Ministry of Home Affairs, in collaboration with Workforce Singapore and the Singapore Police Force, has launched initiatives to boost productivity and enhance the capabilities of security service providers. These efforts aim to modernize the industry through technology adoption, upskilling of security officers, and the implementation of outcome-based contracting. The changes are designed to improve the overall effectiveness of security services while addressing longstanding issues such as manpower shortages and the need for more integrated security solutions.
The Need for Transformation in Singapore's Security Industry
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The security industry in Singapore is facing a critical juncture, necessitating a significant transformation to address evolving challenges and meet the changing needs of society. This transformation has become imperative due to increased security demands, manpower constraints, and rapid technological advancements.
Singapore's security landscape has become increasingly complex, with a heightened focus on public safety and the need for more sophisticated security measures. The Ministry of Home Affairs, in collaboration with other government agencies, has recognized the growing demand for enhanced security services across various sectors. This surge in demand has an impact on both public and private spaces, requiring security companies to adapt their strategies and services to meet new challenges.
The evolving global threat environment has prompted a push towards more efficient and smart security operations. Security professionals are now expected to be competent in utilizing advanced security technologies to augment and enhance their capabilities ]. This shift has created a need for a workforce that can effectively execute outcome-based contracts, which require a higher level of skill and competency in deploying and managing security technologies
One of the most pressing issues facing Singapore's security industry is the persistent manpower shortage. The security sector has consistently been among the top four non-PMET job vacancies in Singapore from 2012 to 2021, indicating a chronic difficulty in filling security guard positions . This shortage has been exacerbated by an aging workforce, with approximately half of the 48,000 active security officers in Singapore being over the age of 60
The demanding nature of security work, including long hours and sometimes challenging working conditions, has contributed to high turnover rates and difficulties in attracting younger talent to the industry . Security officers often work up to 12-hour shifts, six days a week, which can lead to physical and mental strain These factors have created a pressing need for the industry to explore alternative solutions to address the manpower crunch.
The rapid pace of technological advancement has opened up new possibilities for enhancing security operations in Singapore. The integration of cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), and advanced video analytics has the potential to revolutionize the way security services are delivered.
The Security Industry Transformation Map (ITM) has identified technology adoption as a key strategy for improving productivity and effectiveness in the sector. This includes the implementation of integrated security management systems, visitor management systems, and AI-powered surveillance cameras [\6\]. These technological solutions not only enhance security capabilities but also help to optimize manpower costs, which have been rising due to initiatives like the Progressive Wage Model (PWM) [\7\].
The adoption of advanced technologies has also led to a shift in the skills required for security professionals. There is a growing demand for security personnel who can operate and manage these sophisticated systems, creating a need for upskilling and reskilling within the industry [\8\]. This technological transformation has the potential to create new job roles and career pathways in the security sector, attracting a more diverse range of professionals with technical and engineering backgrounds [\1\].
In conclusion, the need for transformation in Singapore's security industry is driven by the convergence of increased security demands, persistent manpower constraints, and rapid technological advancements. As the industry evolves, it must adapt to these challenges by embracing innovation, upskilling its workforce, and leveraging technology to deliver more effective and efficient security solutions.
Key Strategies of the Security Industry Transformation Map
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The Security Industry Transformation Map (ITM) is a comprehensive initiative led by the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) in collaboration with tripartite partners. Launched in 2018, the ITM aims to uplift the private security industry in Singapore by shifting from a manpower-intensive model to one that integrates skilled personnel and technology to deliver higher quality security services [\9\].
A primary focus of the Security ITM 2025 is catalyzing greater adoption of advanced and interoperable technology. Many security agencies have already incorporated solutions such as automated visitor registration machines and wearable security devices into their operations. Some have even established fully integrated security command centers with video analytics capabilities [\9\].
To support these technological advancements, MHA and the Infocomm Media Development Authority (IMDA) are jointly updating the Security Industry Digital Plan (IDP). This refreshed IDP will provide an updated digital roadmap to guide the industry in implementing advanced solutions, migrating to integrated systems for improved efficiency, and utilizing data protection and cybersecurity tools to safeguard their operations [\9\].
The Security ITM places significant emphasis on skills training and upgrading to equip the security workforce with the necessary competencies to meet the industry's evolving needs. The Skills Framework for Security, jointly developed by SkillsFuture Singapore, Workforce Singapore, MHA, and industry partners, outlines career pathways, identifies critical skills, and provides information on relevant training programs [\10\].
To support career development and training, the framework encompasses three main pathways: Private Security, Security Consultancy, and Auxiliary Police. It covers a total of 38 existing and emerging technical skills and competencies, including risk analysis and the adoption of new technologies [\10\].
The Security ITM promotes best sourcing practices to encourage service buyers to award contracts based on performance and quality rather than solely on price. This approach aims to achieve more reliable and better value-for-money services while benefiting workers through improved employment terms and conditions [\11\].
Key recommendations for service buyers include specifying service-level requirements rather than headcount, recognizing factors that contribute to service quality, and seeking to establish long-term collaborative partnerships with service providers. These practices are designed to encourage service providers to invest in technology and training, enhancing the productivity of their workers and the quality of service provided [\11\].
To support the industry's transformation, regulatory changes have been implemented. The Police Licensing and Regulatory Department (PLRD) has introduced licensing conditions to ensure security officers do not work excessive hours, capping extra hours at 72 per month [\12\].
Additionally, the Ministry of Manpower (MOM) conducts proactive checks through audits and Workright inspections to educate employers and ensure compliance with Progressive Wage Model (PWM) requirements. These regulatory measures aim to protect the employment rights of security officers while supporting the industry's overall transformation efforts [\12\].
By implementing these key strategies, the Security ITM seeks to create a more vibrant, technologically advanced, and competitive security industry in Singapore. This transformation is expected to deliver better security outcomes for the nation while providing good jobs and career progression opportunities for Singaporeans in the security sector.
Adoption of Advanced Technologies
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The adoption of advanced technologies has become a cornerstone of Singapore's security industry transformation. As security agencies and companies in Singapore strive to enhance their capabilities, they are increasingly turning to innovative solutions to address the evolving challenges in the sector.
Integrated Security Management Systems (ISMS) have emerged as a critical component in modernizing security operations. These systems combine various security sub-systems, allowing them to communicate and work together effectively. The Ministry of Home Affairs, in collaboration with industry partners, has been promoting the implementation of ISMS to improve overall security outcomes.
A key feature of ISMS is the centralization of multiple security systems, which has become a best practice in the industry. This approach ensures that security personnel have access to all available information from various system sensors, empowering them to respond promptly to any alarm or event [\13\]. The core of these systems is powerful software that provides excellent flexibility for all access applications, including access control, alarm monitoring, car park management, and CCTV integration [\14\].
ISMS offers a comprehensive range of security and protection features, including multi-factor biometrics security, credential and visitor management, and perimeter intrusion detection. These systems can be tailored to meet specific organizational needs, with capabilities such as supporting up to 512 inputs, 256 outputs, and 256 LED Mimic outputs with event programming [\14\].
Video analytics has revolutionized surveillance and threat detection in Singapore's security industry. This technology utilizes algorithms to automatically analyze video content, performing real-time video processing to generate metadata about what is happening in a video stream [\15\]. Video analytics solutions can detect intruders, read license plates, count people, and track objects, significantly enhancing the efficiency of security personnel.
The implementation of video analytics has led to a shift in how security officers operate. Instead of constantly monitoring screens, officers are now alerted to abnormalities by the system, allowing them to focus on higher-value tasks [\2\]. This improved alarm system has become an essential tool for critical incident management, such as break-ins.
Advanced features in video analytics include low-light imaging technology, which enables clearer image capture in dark environments. Other innovations such as varifocal cameras, multiple lenses, and full-color image rendering have further elevated the quality of security surveillance [\2\].
The integration of robotics and automation has marked a significant advancement in Singapore's security landscape. Security robots are being deployed to complement human security officers, offering continuous monitoring capabilities without the need for breaks [\16\]. These robotic systems can patrol large areas and monitor multiple points simultaneously, enhancing overall security coverage.
KenOBI, a security and concierge robot, exemplifies this trend. It automates manual security tasks and serves multi-functional needs, integrating with existing building infrastructure for visitor management and access control [\17\]. Similarly, OBIFORCE, an outdoor patrol robot, provides 24/7 monitoring and surveillance at building entrances, perimeters, and events [\17\].
These robotic solutions offer functionalities such as thermal scanning, AI-enabled alerts for intrusion detection and facial recognition, and autonomous patrol capabilities [\17\]. They are being deployed in various settings, including airports, school campuses, shopping centers, and industrial facilities, demonstrating the versatility of robotic security solutions in Singapore's evolving security ecosystem.
The adoption of these advanced technologies is transforming Singapore's security industry, enhancing its capabilities to address complex security challenges while improving efficiency and effectiveness. As the industry continues to evolve, the integration of these innovative solutions will play a crucial role in shaping the future of security in Singapore.
Upskilling the Security Workforce
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The transformation of Singapore's security industry has placed a strong emphasis on upskilling the workforce to meet evolving challenges and technological advancements. This focus on skill development has become crucial for security professionals to adapt to the changing landscape and deliver high-quality services.
The Skills Framework for Security, jointly developed by SkillsFuture Singapore (SSG), Workforce Singapore (WSG), and the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), provides a comprehensive roadmap for career development and skills mastery in the security sector. This framework outlines the skills and competencies required for various roles within the industry, enabling both employees and employers to have a clear understanding of expectations [\18\].
The framework covers a wide range of areas, including existing and emerging skills, career pathways, and training programs. It serves as a valuable resource for individuals looking to make informed decisions about their career choices and take responsibility for their skills upgrading [\18\]. By aligning with industry needs, the Skills Framework helps to build a skilled and well-trained workforce, which is essential for delivering high-quality security services in Singapore [\18\].
To support the upskilling efforts, various training programs have been developed and implemented across the security industry in Singapore. The Security Industry Institute (SII) offers a range of courses for both newcomers and experienced professionals looking to advance their careers [\19\]. These programs cover essential skills and knowledge required for different roles within the security sector.
One notable initiative is the Career Conversion Program (CCP) for Security Officers, administered by the Singapore National Employers Federation (SNEF). This program aims to reskill or upskill security officers to take on new or enhanced job roles through on-the-job training in areas such as operations technology, response and safety, facilities management, and counterterrorism [\20\].
Additionally, Aetos, as the first SkillsFuture "queen bee" in the security sector, has developed a mentorship program to help small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and their employees adopt interoperable technology and build skills for business transformation. This initiative aims to train over 5,000 learners and mentor 100 proof-of-concept projects for security agencies over a three-year period [\21\].
The security industry in Singapore has established clear career progression pathways to encourage professional growth and retention of skilled workers. The Progressive Wage Model (PWM) for the security industry outlines a structured career ladder, beginning with functional or operational roles and progressing to supervisory and management positions [\19\].
This model introduces a 5-level career ladder for security officers, starting from Security Officer (SO) and advancing to Chief Security Officer (CSO). Each level is defined by specific training requirements, years of experience, job scopes, and minimum basic salary [\22\]. This structured approach allows security officers to look forward to career progression within the industry as they accumulate experience and undergo training to take on greater responsibilities.
The PWM also emphasizes the importance of continuous learning and skills upgrading. Security professionals can expect to progress through various roles, from Security Officer to Security Supervisor and even to Chief Security Officer, provided they have the right mindset and willingness to upskill [\19\].
By implementing these comprehensive upskilling initiatives, Singapore's security industry is working towards creating a more skilled, adaptable, and technologically proficient workforce. This focus on professional development not only enhances the capabilities of security personnel but also contributes to the overall transformation and modernization of the security sector in Singapore.
Shift Towards Outcome-Based Contracting
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The security industry in Singapore is experiencing a significant shift towards Outcome-Based Contracting (OBC), a strategy that focuses on desired security outcomes rather than fixed manpower requirements. This approach has become a key component of the Security Industry Transformation Map (ITM), aiming to enhance productivity and effectiveness in the sector.
Outcome-Based Contracting offers several advantages for security agencies, service buyers, and security officers in Singapore. For security agencies, OBC encourages a move away from traditional manpower-intensive models towards more innovative solutions that integrate technology, job redesign, and process optimization. This shift not only enhances productivity but also improves overall security outcomes [\23\].
Service buyers benefit from building long-term relationships with security service providers, allowing for a holistic approach to security needs and co-creation of desired outcomes. Contrary to concerns about increased costs, the evolution of security technology has made it more affordable, potentially leading to lower long-term expenses when combined with job and process redesign [\23\].
Perhaps most importantly, security officers stand to gain from OBC through more meaningful job scopes and improved working conditions. The integration of technology and optimized processes allows officers to focus on more critical tasks, moving away from mundane, manual activities such as visitor registration [\23\].
Despite the benefits, the implementation of OBC in Singapore's security industry faces several challenges. One significant issue is the lack of awareness among private organizations about the potential benefits of OBC. This knowledge gap necessitates a coordinated effort from the government, security associations, and unions to educate and promote OBC adoption [\24\].
Another challenge is the lack of expertise in implementing OBC and the hesitation of some clients to embrace this new approach. To address this, government grants have been made available to help both buyers and sellers manage the implementation and upgrading costs associated with transitioning to OBC [\24\].
The Singapore government has taken a proactive role in promoting OBC adoption within the security industry. Since May 2020, all government agencies have been required to adopt OBC for security services contracts, setting an example for the private sector [\23\].
The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) and the Center for Protective Security (CPS) of the Singapore Police Force have introduced several initiatives to promote best practices in security service procurement. These include providing guidance for government procurement officers, launching a one-stop OBC resource portal, updating MHA's guide on outcome-based security contracts, and conducting outreach efforts to increase awareness among facility and property management companies and private sector buyers [\25\].
CPS has been conducting OBC workshops for government agency procurement officers to assist in their transition from headcount-based to outcome-based security contracts. These workshops emphasize the importance of establishing effective partnerships with security agencies and security officers to create a fair and productive work environment [\25\].
To further support the industry's transition, the Association of Certified Security Agencies has launched a step-by-step guide to introduce security agencies and service buyers to OBC. Additionally, the Security Association Singapore plans to launch an online outcome-based tender generator and repository called OBX in 2022, providing an easy-to-use platform to help buyers transition to OBC [\23\].
As the security industry in Singapore continues to evolve, the shift towards Outcome-Based Contracting represents a significant step in modernizing and enhancing the sector's capabilities. By focusing on desired outcomes rather than fixed manpower requirements, OBC has the potential to drive innovation, improve productivity, and create better working conditions for security professionals across the nation.
Conclusion
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The transformation of Singapore's security industry is causing a revolution in the way security services are delivered and managed. The shift towards technology adoption, workforce upskilling, and outcome-based contracting has a significant impact on improving the sector's capabilities and productivity. These changes are creating new opportunities to enhance security outcomes while addressing longstanding challenges such as manpower shortages and the need for more integrated solutions.
As the industry continues to evolve, it's crucial to keep adapting to new technologies and changing security needs. The ongoing efforts to upskill the workforce and promote best practices in contracting are key to building a more resilient and effective security sector. In the end, these transformations are not just about improving security services, but also about creating better career prospects for security professionals and contributing to Singapore's overall safety and well-being. ## FAQs
1\. Is the security sector experiencing growth globally?
Yes, the global security market is undergoing substantial growth, driven by heightened safety and security concerns across various sectors including residential, commercial, and governmental areas.
2\. What measures does Singapore take to ensure its security?
Singapore employs key legislative measures such as the Internal Security Act (ISA), which allows the government to take preemptive actions to safeguard against threats to internal security. This includes tackling international terrorism, foreign subversion, espionage, and acts of violence or discrimination based on race or religion.
3\. What is the projected size of Singapore's security market in the coming years?
The security market in Singapore is expected to generate revenue of approximately SGD 45.04 million in 2024, with an anticipated annual growth rate of 11.60% from 2024 to 2028, potentially reaching SGD 69.90 million by 2028.
